Edward jewett



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EDWARD .inwnrror RINDGD NEW HAMPsHiRE. Letters Patent No.' 68,203, dated August 27, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN VENBER-GUTTERS.

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To ALL wHoM rr MAY ooNcERN:

Be it known that I, EDWARD JWETT, of Rindge, Cheshire county, State of New Hampshire, have invented new and useful Improvements'in Face-Lumber Machines for Cutting Veneers and the like; and I do hereby declare the following to be a. full and exact description of the same, reference. being had to the drawings that accompany and form a. part of these specifications, in which- Figu're 1 is 'a perspective view from the rear.

Figure 2, perspective view from the front.

Figure 3, sectional view.

Figures 4 and 5, other methods and devices heretofore adopted for doing this work.

Figure 6 shows the operation of my device -in cutting veneer.

Letter A, gauge-plate regulating the thickness of the sheetl cut; letter B, the frame that supports the cutter; letter C, the cutter; letter D, friction-plate; letters EE, slots in the cutter for the purpose of adjustment; letters h k, slots in the cutter-head or frame B, by which the desired distance between the cutting edges of C and the face surfaceof A is readily established; letters t' e', screws by which the angle of the plane of the cutter C to the plane or face of the block A may be varied, as desired; letters k c, slots in the plate D, which provide for any adjustment required by wear or otherwise; letters Z`Z, screws retaining the plate D in position; letters m mjbolts for securing the cutter C in position; letters n n, bolts to keep in place the cutter-head B; letter P, the wo'od from which sheets are being cut; letter R, a pressure-bar heretofore used by some in work of this kind; letter S, form of knife heretofore in use'; letter Z, bevel in the face side of the cutter.

The object of my invention is to provide a ma-chine that will cut Wood into sheets of any desired thickness,

without injury to the texture by breaking or separating its bre; and furthermore, to secure for the sheets, at

the very time of cutting, asmooth'iand polished surface.

The means by which Iaccomplish these very desirable results consist principally in the application of pressure to the sheet edgewise, in the direction in which it is being cut, as also in so shaping and setting the cutter C as to provide a projecting ledge immediately behind the cutting edge on the face or side next to the block. This peculiar structure of the knife aids very materially in separating the fibres without roughening the surface. Indeed, one eect of the bevel Z is to press forward the fibres on the surface -on the block, and compress them at and near the cutting edge of the -knife C, and in this respect acting to the same end as the edgewise pressure onthe sheet being cnt. Another effect of this bevel is to rub down and polish the surface beneath it, and in these respects entirely unlike other cutters heretofore used in machines of this kind.

The edgewise pressure upon the sheet being cnt is produced by contracting the throat O by means of the plate D, which, by the resistance it o'ers to thepassage of the sheet, produces this edge pressure on it at and near its point of leaving the log or block, and thus prevents expansion, separation, or breakage of the fibre as the sheet bends to the angle of the knife.

It will be readily seen, by reference to fig. 6, that as the block P is held in position by the bed-plate of the machine, the knife C with thefriction-plate D, which grasp the sheet between them, produce a compression of the sheet at and near the cutting point Y, in the direction of and between the arrow R representing the direction of .the forward ,thrustqof C and-D, and the arrow Q representing the direction of the resistance of that part of the sheet which is still nnzseycred from the block. This compression is what I have called the edgewise pressure, and is the pressure which prevents the breakage of the fibre, by preventing the extension of the sheet in the directionof the arrows Q and R as it is bent bythel action of the knife, it being a well-known fact that while wood, when steamed or otherwise softened, may be compressed to a considerable extent without injury, it cannot be extendedto any considerable degree without rupture.

Figs. 4 and 5 representsome of the imperfect methods heretofore in use. Pressure produced, as shown in iig. 5, can only be of use in cutting very thin sheets, wherethe deflection maybe felt at the cutting edge of the knife. "The bevel Z, on the face side of the cutting-knife, very much strengthens it, as it can be made much thicker without increasing thebevel on the throatside and furthermore, it serves to connterbalance the pressure of the compressed sheet on the opposite side. The length of this bevel Z mav be varied to suit the thickness of the 'strip being eut, or the character or condition of the wood passing under its action, woods wanting in tenacityr requiring a longer bevel than others. v

To cause the knife to traverse the wood, without varying from the desired direction, the adjusting head-block B is brought into requisition. A close examination of figs. 2 and 3 will show how the knife-blade maybe turned to or from the block P, until the vforce or pressure on the one side of thc knife counterbalancesthat on the other, and the knife traverses properly. In reciprocating-motion suitable devices may be used to prevent the friction of the-knife oir-the block during the return stroke.

The gauge-plate A is not an essential part of my machine, for the friction-plate D may be secured directly to the cutter-head B. If preferred, a roller may be used in place of the friction-plate D, to narrow the throat O, and produce the requisite edgewise pressure. The plate D or roller if roller be used) maybe adjusted rigidly in the desired position, or it may be held by a spring of sufficient force to produce the requisite pressure.

Frail woods or the cutting of thick sheets requires greater pressure than tougher Woods or thinner sheets. This is provided for by contracting the throat O, more or less. By reference to iig. 3, ofthe drawings, it will be observed that the throat O is contracted in proportion as the face ofthe plateD and the opposing surface of the cutter C overlap each other. Y v

The screws t' and lt in the cutter-head B, and the slots h, with the screws m and slots e, afford means of adjusting the knife C, not only as to its traversing the wood, but also for adjusting it as to the distance it may overlap the plate D, and thereby, in connection with the adjustment ot' the plate D, lengthen or shorten, or expand or contract the throat O.

The advantages of my invention are that it will produce sheets of any thickness from any kind of lumber, retaining all the original strength and firmness, and possessed of very tine surface.

My device is equally applicable for dressing or surfacing lumber, when the shaving is not to be used; for instance, planers and machines for similar work.

What I claim as of my invention, and desire, to secure by Letters Patent, is-

I claim the face-bevelled knife C, when combined with the head-block B, and arranged with relation to the friction-plate D as and for the purposes set forth.

EDWARD JEWETT.

Witnesses:

D. G. GOLBY, G. F. WILSON. 

